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818th Tank Destroyer Battalion
The 818th Tank Destroyer Battalion was a tank destroyer battalion of the United States Army active during the Second World War. It first saw combat in July 1944, when it deployed into the Normandy beachhead in preparation for the breakout into France by Third Army. Working closely with the 5th Infantry Division, it moved through northern France up to the Moselle region, where it was involved in the Battle for Metz through September, October and November. In December, it disengaged from defensive positions along the German border and was moved north to fight in the Battle of the Bulge with the 26th Infantry Division. After securing the Allied flanks and mopping up the Bulge, it refitted for two months before fighting south along the Siegfried Line and crossing the Rhine in March. In April and early May, it rushed through southern Germany into Austria and Czechoslovakia, where it ended the war. After a brief spell of occupation duties, it was returned to the United States and disbanded in November. During the European campaign, the battalion lost a total twenty-six men and eight tank destroyers in combat.
==Formation==
The battalion was activated on 15 December 1941, in line with the reorganization of the anti-tank force, at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. It was formed from the 18th Provisional Anti-Tank Battalion, which had been drawn from the 77th, 142d and 349th Field Artillery Regiments, and the 71st, 72d and 83d Field Artillery Battalions.〔Haworth, p. 1〕 It moved to Camp Bowie, Texas, early in the following year, and in June moved to the Tank Destroyer Center at Camp Hood. Whilst training there, it detached a cadre to form the 820th Tank Destroyer Battalion.〔Haworth, p. 2〕
After a series of training posts in Louisiana, Virginia and New Jersey,〔Haworth, pp. 3–4〕 the battalion was shipped out of New York aboard the USS ''Fairisle'' in October 1943, to be stationed in Northern Ireland. In May 1944, as part of the buildup to the Normandy landings, they were moved to a transit camp in Wiltshire, south-west England.〔Haworth, pp. 5–6〕 The unit was organized as a self-propelled battalion, equipped with M10 GMC tank destroyers.〔It is unclear when they received the M10s; Haworth does not mention equipment until p. 8, when M10s are mentioned in an entry for 21 July 1944. Yeide, p. 279, lists the 818th as equipped with towed 3" guns, but this seems to be an error; on p. 140 he refers to the battalion possessing M10s. The attached units list for 5th Infantry Division gives the battalion as self-propelled on 13 July.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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